Beyond Technical Analysis: How to Develop and Implement a Winning Trading System Tushar S Chande
Monnier [1] considers that the discovery of several niches in the channel does not fully demonstrate the moat’s religious purpose and considers it secondary. The trench’s ritual significance is also regarded as secondary by Reader [45], who suggests the ritual aspects developed only after the complex’s construction and do not reflect the original function of the structure. Instead, the very flat topography on about 2–2.5 km2, according to the Saqqara Geophysics Survey Project (SGSP) [57–60] and possibly allowed some beyond technical analysis ephemeral ponding water which may have resulted in an episodic upper Abusir lake after the most intense rainfalls.
Beyond Technical Analysis : How to Develop and Implement a Winning Trading System
Pedological investigations would be worthwhile in the plateau area and in the talweg of both wadis to look for evidence of more frequent water flow. The south shaft is connected to a rectangular shaft to the west via a tunnel-like corridor with a staircase that descends approximately 30 meters before opening up into the south shaft (Fig 11, inset 2). At the corridor level, a chamber has been cut into the bedrock parallel to the descending passage [3], towards the south. This chamber features several incompletely excavated niches on its south wall, which could extend under the south wall of the Djoser complex (Fig 8). Taken together, the Deep Trench architecture highlights technical proficiency and suggests that the ancient Egyptians intended a technical function https://forexarena.net/ rather than a spiritual one.
- Several authors and explorers excluded the possibility of King Djoser’s burial in the north shaft [15, 103].
- Monnier [1] considers that the discovery of several niches in the channel does not fully demonstrate the moat’s religious purpose and considers it secondary.
- The space around the box is connected with four tunnels arranged perpendicularly on each side of the shaft (see Supplement).
- For the largest lintels, the weight increases by two orders of magnitude, with several blocks of ≈50 – 100 tons for Cheops’ pyramid.
Beyond Technical Analysis: How to Develop and Implement a Winning Trading System, 2nd Edition by Tushar S. Chande
Then, the third fill (C) consists of rough to fine sand and silt, small limestone fragments, and chippings with pebble and flint nodules. Finally, these A, B, and C backfill layers are positioned symmetrically to the median axis of the wall. Although a connection between the Compartment-2 and the Djoser shafts has yet to be identified, it is highly probable that sediment-free water from the Deep Trench was used in this system (Fig 13, disk ‘1’). This water quality would have reduced the risk of fouling and malfunction because it minimizes the presence of sand and clay that feed into the north shaft. This would prevent the deposition and progressive filling in the tunnels and connections, as well as the clogging of the joints between the bottom and side granite blocks of the box.
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A large stone portcullis [108] found in one of these galleries may have served as a versatile gate closed during the water filling of the north shaft. The ‘south shaft’ is located ~200 m south of the north shaft, close to the Deep Trench (Fig 11, inset 1). The substructure of the south shaft is entered through a west-facing tunnel-like corridor with a staircase that descends about 30 m before opening up inside the shaft. The staircase then continues east and leads to a network of galleries whose layout imitates the blue chambers below the Step Pyramid.
The Saqqara necropolis is located on a limestone plateau on the west bank of the Nile River, about 180 km from the Mediterranean Sea (Fig 1). The entire site lies in the desert, less than two kilometers from the plateau’s edge (elevation 40–55 m ASL—Above Sea Level), which overlooks the Nile floodplain (height ≈ 20 m ASL). Further to the west, the desert rises gently for about 20 km (hills’ top elevation ≈ 200–300 m ASL). Although detailed measurements of the Nile flood levels have been reported since the Vth Dynasty (2480 B.C.) [31–33], there is very little information available about the hydrology of its desert tributaries, known as ’wadis’, in ancient Egypt.
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According to Swelim, the moat’s south channel probably split into two parts, known as the Inner and Outer south channels [78] (Fig 8, blue strips). The Inner south channel is relatively shallow (5–7 m deep), 25–30 m wide, and spans approximately 350 m parallel to the southern wall of Djoser’s complex. Reported since the early 1800s, a former tributary to the Nile called the Bahr Bela Ma [53, 54] or ‘Wadi Taflah’ flowed parallel to the Abusir wadi catchment, less than two kilometers south of the Saqqara plateau. From satellite imagery, we identified that the Wadi Taflah arises from a drainage area of almost 400 km2 and consists of three main branches (Fig 2, numbered black dots) still visible from the desert’s geomorphological marks. This network is also visible on the radar imagery provided by Paillou [55] that can penetrate multiple meters of sand (S2 Fig in S2 File). The similarity of the optical and radar drainage patterns confirms the existence and old age of this hydrological network.
Assuming a storage depth between 1 and 2 meters, the retention capacity of the basin would be approximately 220,000–440,000 m3. This volume is in line with the overall water volume of a flash flood that could be produced by the Abusir wadi, which is estimated to be about 75,000–225,000 m3, assuming 50 mm of rainfall and a 0.30 runoff coefficient. This key, first structure of the Saqqara hydraulic system would have then delivered clear water downstream in normal time, as well as muddy water with an eventually suspended load of fine sand and clay during rainfall events.
Surprisingly, despite the available clues, the Deep Trench has never undergone detailed engineering studies to analyze its features and identify its purpose. The following sections suggest a hydraulic rationale behind the trench’s internal layout (more details in the Supplement). In 2020, based on the archaeological, geological, and climatic evidence, Wong was the first to introduce the idea that the trench may have had a completely different function, being filled with runoff water following downpours [37]. If so, this would explain why it was not until the reigns of Unas and Userkaf (Vth Dynasty) that new graves occupied the moat.
The current topography of the land around the Djoser complex, although uncertain given the natural or anthropogenic changes that have occurred over the last five millennia, does not support the existence of a trench to the east side. Therefore, our observations join those of Welc et al. [61] and some of the first explorers [63], reasonably attributing only three sections to the Dry Moat. To foster consistent execution, Beyond Technical Analysis provides software that enables you to “paper trade” your system. A demo disk of Chande’s $ecure trade management software and data scrambling utility will let you test your system on “true” out-of-sample data and track your emotions and P&L as you transition the system from computer table to trading desk. The new edition reflects my intense experiences as a Commodity Trading Advisor (CTA), developing systems, trading over 60 futures markets around the world and marketing services to clients. The additions to the second edition spring from my research to find effective answers to clients’ questions about trading systems, risk control procedures, and expectations of future performance.
On a large scale, the perfect geometric alignment of these compartments is remarkable, as well as their parallelism with the Djoser’s complex and their bottom level similar to those of the southern and northern shafts (≈27 m ASL). These spatial relationships have led some authors to consider that the trench was created as a part of Djoser’s Complex [86, 89, 90]. This assumption has been reinforced by Deslandes’ discoveries of at least two east-west pipes, about 80 m long, connecting the Djoser’s Complex’s subterranean layouts to the Dry Moat’s eastern side [91]. Furthermore, there is a proven connection between the tunnels surrounding the north shaft and the Dry Moat through the Deslandes’ pipes [91] on the eastern side of the complex (Figs 11 and 13). Pending further investigation, we hypothesize that the water inlet was located to the south (Fig 13, disk ‘1’), with the outlet(s) sending water toward the east through two juxtaposed pipes (disk ‘2’). Several horizontal galleries connected to these two pipes were acacia-cased [3], a technique commonly used to safeguard the walls in hydraulic works in ancient Egypt.
